Antenna Solutions For High-capacity Scenarios In The 5G Era

In wireless communication systems, MIMO technology extends the frequency division (FDMA), time division (TDMA), and code division (CDMA) multiple access technologies of the 2G and 3G eras to space division (SDAM), which separates channels based on a spatial perspective, greatly Improve the data transmission rate and transmission reliability. Massive MIMO is a further expansion of MIMO technology. A larger number of antenna arrays are used on the base station side to form a multi-transmit and multi-receive system, so that the 5G antenna system has stronger directivity and beamforming capabilities, and enhances the base station in the spatial dimension at the same time. The ability to receive and send multiple different signals greatly improves the spectrum utilization, data transmission rate, and the stability and reliability of communication, and meets the reliability requirements of 5G networks for ultra-high data traffic and ultra-large-scale connections.

Massive MIMO is one of the key technologies of 5G, and its key technologies are MU-MIMO technology and 3D-MIMO technology. MU-MIMO stands for multi-user MIMO. Multiple users in the network can use the space division channel provided by Massive MIMO to communicate with the base station at the same time and frequency resources, greatly increasing the frequency spectrum without increasing the base station density and bandwidth. effectiveness. 3D-MIMO technology is based on multi-array beamforming, which can shape narrow beams with different directions and different gains. These narrow beams can be scanned in vertical and horizontal directions as needed, and have three-dimensional coverage capabilities. At the same time, it can also match the corresponding beams according to the needs of service scheduling, realize flexible tracking of different terminals in the cell, and have super anti-interference ability. In Figure 3, on the one hand, the 3D-MIMO beam has higher gain and narrower beam width, and points to any vertical and horizontal directions according to actual needs; on the other hand, multiple such 3D-MIMO beams can be simultaneously Exist and form MU-MIMO beam to complete full airspace coverage.