With the improvement of people's living standards, the coverage rate of base stations will also increase significantly, and the number of antennas used will further increase. At the same time, higher requirements are placed on the technical content of antennas. From the perspective of wireless network development trends and various challenges faced by operators, the future development of antenna technology must follow the following directions:
⑴ Miniaturization of antenna Under the condition that the antenna performance is basically unchanged, the volume of the antenna is reduced. Miniaturization is a basic technology and an eternal development direction for antennas.
⑵ Multi-standard network sharing In the future, multiple formats will share one ultra-wideband antenna. Not only will the antenna working frequency band cover multiple formats, but also each format can be independently adjusted according to the different requirements of the system. The application of multi-standard antennas will save site construction costs and antenna resources, and flexibly meet the network coverage requirements of each standard.
⑶Intelligent antenna In the future, the antenna will realize intelligent beamforming, beam pointing control, beam splitting and remote control, which can flexibly meet the application requirements of various scenarios. Through the intelligentization of antennas, the interoperability between systems and the optimal utilization of resources are realized, and finally an intelligent operation and maintenance method is realized.
⑷The connection of antenna and radio frequency module has developed from separate to centralized.
In the future, centralized equipment will replace separate equipment, optical fibers will replace cables, and antennas and main equipment will be miniaturized, integrated and fully integrated to achieve space saving and flexible deployment, and adapt to the development trend of network flatness.
Wireless networks have developed from signal coverage type to information capacity type and high-speed quality type, and from low-speed and narrow-band to high-speed and broadband. The network structure is complicated, multiple generations and multiple networks coexist, multi-layer wireless network overlapping coverage, multiple antenna technology, and distributed development of urban wireless networks. The rapid development of mobile communication technology and changes in network structure have led to the continuous innovation of base station antenna technology. The antenna is becoming active and intelligent, and the application of multi-frequency and ultra-wideband is unstoppable.